Did You Know? – Colombia

Colombia is full of surprising stories, vibrant culture and extraordinary natural wonders that most travellers never encounter. These insights reveal a deeper, more intriguing side to the country before you experience it for yourself.

1. Unusual - Quirky National Facts

  • Colombia is the world’s second most biodiverse country, home to nearly 10% of all known species.

  • It has more butterfly species than any other country on Earth.

  • The country celebrates “Día de las Velitas,” a festival where entire streets glow with candles and lanterns.

  • Bogotá sits higher than many mountain towns at 2,640 metres above sea level.

  • The Caño Cristales river is known as the “River of Five Colours” due to its vibrant natural pigments.


2. Innovations, Inventions & World Firsts

  • Colombia pioneered the development of modern heart stents.

  • The country is a major leader in orchid research and preservation.

  • Several Colombian cities were early adopters of cable-car public transport systems for urban mobility.

  • Cartagena’s walled city was one of the first major fortified ports in the Americas.


3. Laws, Etiquette & Social Norms

  • Greetings are warm, often with a handshake or cheek kiss depending on the region.

  • Colombians value courtesy; it’s common to greet strangers in lifts or shops.

  • Time can be flexible with social gatherings starting later than scheduled.

  • Tipping is widely expected, usually around 10%.


4. Notable Figures & World Icons

  • Gabriel García Márquez, Nobel Prize-winning author, shaped global literature with magical realism.

  • Shakira is one of the most influential Latin music artists of all time.

  • Fernando Botero is famous for his distinctive artistic style featuring exaggerated proportions.

  • Egan Bernal became the first Latin American cyclist to win the Tour de France.


5. Travel & Geography Facts

  • Colombia is the only South American country with both Caribbean and Pacific coastlines.

  • The Cocora Valley is home to the world’s tallest palm trees, soaring up to 60 metres.

  • Tayrona National Park blends rainforest, beaches and Indigenous heritage.

  • Medellín is known for its year-round spring-like climate.


6. People & Lifestyle

  • Colombians are known for their warmth, hospitality and expressive communication.

  • Music and dance play a central role — from cumbia to salsa to vallenato.

  • Coffee culture is integral to daily life, especially in the Eje Cafetero region.

  • Family gatherings are frequent and often include extended relatives.


7. Culture & Everyday Life

  • Arepas are a staple food enjoyed in many regional variations.

  • Colombia hosts the world’s largest salsa festival, Feria de Cali.

  • The country celebrates numerous colourful carnivals, including Barranquilla’s UNESCO-recognised festival.

  • Artisanal crafts, such as mochila bags, reflect Indigenous traditions.


8. History & Heritage

  • Colombia’s Indigenous cultures date back thousands of years, with vibrant archaeological sites like San Agustín.

  • Cartagena played a key role in colonial trade and defence.

  • The Gold Museum in Bogotá houses one of the world’s largest pre-Hispanic gold collections.

  • Colombia’s modern history includes significant periods of transformation and resilience.


9. Landmarks & Hidden Wonders

  • Caño Cristales is one of the world’s most unique natural rivers.

  • Salt Cathedral of Zipaquirá is an underground church carved inside a salt mine.

  • Tayrona National Park features untouched Caribbean coastline.

  • Piedra del Peñol offers spectacular views from its 740 steps.


10. Quick Fast-Facts Section

  • Colombia is the world’s second most biodiverse nation.

  • Home to the tallest palm trees on Earth.

  • Bogotá sits at 2,640 metres.

  • Cumbia and salsa influence national culture.

  • Colombia has both Caribbean and Pacific coasts.

  • Caño Cristales is called the “River of Five Colours.”

  • Coffee is a national symbol.

  • Cartagena’s walled city is UNESCO-listed.

  • Medellín is the “City of Eternal Spring.”

  • Salt Cathedral of Zipaquirá is built inside a mountain.

  • Colombia grows more orchids than any country.

  • Shakira is one of the world’s best-known Colombians.