Did You Know? – Cuba

Cuba blends vintage charm, Caribbean energy and rich cultural heritage. Discover the surprising facts, local traditions and unique everyday customs that reveal the deeper character of this captivating island nation.

1. Unusual - Quirky National Facts

• Cuba has two currencies historically (CUP and CUC), creating a dual-economy experience unseen in most countries.

• More than half of all cars on the road are classic American vehicles from the 1940s and 1950s.

• Cuba has one of the world’s highest literacy rates.

• Internet access was limited for decades, with public Wi-Fi hotspots only appearing in 2015.

• The country is home to the world’s smallest bird — the bee hummingbird.


2. Innovations, Inventions & World Firsts

• Cuba developed an innovative lung cancer vaccine (Cimavax), now studied internationally.

• The Latin American School of Medicine in Havana trains doctors from dozens of countries.

• The mambo, cha-cha-cha and bolero all originated in Cuba.

• Cuban scientists pioneered treatments for diabetic foot ulcers.


3. Laws, Etiquette & Social Norms

• Public affection is generally accepted, especially in relaxed social settings.

• Queuing is done using “el último” — asking who is last and keeping your place verbally.

• Tipping is common in tourism, even for small gestures.

• Locals may greet visitors with a friendly “mi vida” or “mi amor” — affectionate and cultural, not romantic.

• Talking about politics in public may be viewed as sensitive.


4. Notable Figures & World Icons

• Fidel Castro became one of the most recognisable political figures of the 20th century.

• Celia Cruz, the “Queen of Salsa,” shaped Latin music worldwide.

• José Martí is Cuba’s most important independence hero and poet.

• Compay Segundo helped bring Cuban son music to global audiences via Buena Vista Social Club.


5. Travel & Geography Facts

• Havana’s Old Town is a UNESCO World Heritage Site filled with colonial architecture.

• Varadero’s shoreline is considered one of the Caribbean’s most beautiful beaches.

• Viñales Valley is famous for tobacco farms and dramatic limestone cliffs.

• Cuba is the largest island in the Caribbean.

• The Bay of Pigs is home to excellent diving spots with crystal-clear waters.


6. People & Lifestyle

• Music and dance are woven into daily life, from street performances to family gatherings.

• Cubans often socialise in doorways and public parks, creating a vibrant community atmosphere.

• Many locals rely on “resolver” — a resourceful attitude to overcome shortages.

• Shared taxis (almendrones) are a popular and communal way to travel.


7. Culture & Everyday Life

• Dominoes is Cuba’s national pastime and played passionately in almost every neighbourhood.

• Cigars are rolled by hand using traditional techniques passed down for generations.

• Cuban coffee is strong, sweet and often served in small cups called “cafecito.”

• Salsa, rumba and son remain the heartbeat of Cuban cultural life.


8. History & Heritage

• Cuba was the last Spanish colony in the Americas to gain independence.

• The Revolution of 1959 reshaped the country’s politics, economy and global identity.

• Trinidad is one of the best-preserved colonial towns in the Caribbean.

• The island’s African, Spanish and Indigenous heritage deeply influence its language, food and music.


9. Landmarks & Hidden Wonders

• El Morro Castle guards Havana Harbour and offers stunning sunset views.

• Cienfuegos, known as the “Pearl of the South,” showcases French-influenced architecture.

• Alejandro de Humboldt National Park is one of the most biodiverse places in the Caribbean.

• Baracoa, Cuba’s oldest city, is surrounded by mountains and lush rainforest.


10. Quick Fast-Facts Section

• Cuba’s classic cars are mostly pre-1960.

• The bee hummingbird is the world’s smallest bird.

• Wi-Fi became public only in 2015.

• Salsa and cha-cha-cha originated in Cuba.

• Cuba has a 99% literacy rate.

• Viñales grows world-famous tobacco.

• Cuba is the Caribbean’s largest island.

• Cafecito is strong, sweet Cuban coffee.

• Dominoes is the national pastime.

• Trinidad is a UNESCO colonial town.

• Cuba developed a lung cancer vaccine.

• Baracoa is Cuba’s oldest settlement.